A comprehensive guide to climbing Mount Kilimanjaro with the experts Crowned by an eternal snowcap, Mount Kilimanjaro is situated inside the Kilimanjaro National Park in Tanzania. It is the highest mountain in Africa and the tallest freestanding mountain on earth.

Mount Kilimanjaro Climbing Routes

Mount Kilimanjaro Climb Marangu Route  Affectionately known as the “Coca-Cola route”, Marangu is by far the most popular route to the summit of Kilimanjaro. This could partly be as a result of the fact that the Marangu is the least expensive route, but more so, perhaps the fact that it is possible to do the Marangu route in 6 days, thereby getting to the summit one day earlier than on the Machame route. Planning to Climb Kilimanjaro? Book with us

Kilimanjaro Trekking Machame Route  Sometimes called the Whisky Route. This is a popular route up steep paths through magnificent forests to gain a ridge leading through the moorland zones to the Shira Plateau. It then traverses beneath the glaciated precipices of the Southern Ice fields to join the Barafu Route to the summit.

Lemosho Route Mount Kilimanjaro Expeditions  This is the longest and most remote route to Kilimanjaro. After beautiful forests and moorlands it crosses the Shira Plateau to meet up with the Machame Route. Groups may be accompanied on the first day by an armed ranger as the forests around the Lemosho Glades are rich in buffalo, elephant and other game.

Mount Kilimanjaro Hiking Rongai Route  This remote and less frequently used route is the second easiest route to Kilimanjaro. The approach to the mountain is from the less-forested north side and the descent is by the Marangu Route. There are several variations, the one described is a longer route taking in Mawenzi Tarn.

Shira Route Mount Kilimanjaro Climb Vacation  The Shira route, approaches Kilimanjaro’s summit from the west and crosses the caldera of Shira Volcano before heading beneath the southern ice fields of Kibo. The route is seldom used by other trekkers and so your initial two days on the mountain are less crowded than on most other routes.

Ever since tourism expanded on Kilimanjaro the Marangu Route has been the most popular trail, and with a path that takes in such glorious features as the deep rich forest of the south-eastern slopes, the flower-filled Maundi Crater and the wind-blown high-altitude desert of the Saddle, it’s not surprising. The Marangu Trail is also the only trail where you sleep in huts rather than under canvas. Do not, however, be misled into thinking this route is easy – indeed, many people fail to reach the summit on this route because they have failed to acclimatize properly. For this reason, we have included a ‘rest’ day in our itinerary, where we spend two nights at Horombo Huts in order to increase our chances of acclimatizing properly – and making it to the summit safely!

Itinerary for Marangu Route KILIMANJARO

Day 1: Marangu Gate to Mandara Huts

Our trek begins at Marangu Gate (1860m), the home of the park authorities and the busiest gate on the mountain. We put particular emphasis on being as early as possible at the gates, for many reasons. For one thing, it means we don’t waste time queuing up to register but can be processed immediately  -which means we can get trekking sooner!

This first day takes us deep into the jungle bearding Kilimanjaro’s lower slopes. Being one of the first on the trail means we have the path ‘to ourselves’, enabling us to appreciate the mountain more and increase our chance of spotting wildlife on this first day, before they are frightened off by the noise of other groups. So we’ll be keeping an eye out for the beautiful colobus monkeys as well as blue monkeys, as well as some of the flowers for which Kilimanjaro is famed, and in which the Marangu Route excels, such as the vivid red Impatiens kilimanjarii and Gladiolus Wastonides.

Having taken lunch in a small clearing known as Kisamboni, we continue up the slopes past small waterfalls alongside a babbling stream, to the Mandara Huts (2705m), our accommodation for the first night. Another advantage of setting off early on this first day is that you can choose the best spots in the dormitory before the other trekkers arrive, and you can be sitting enjoying the popcorn served by your crew whilst other trekkers are still struggling up the slopes. Those with the energy can join me for a brief stroll to the Maundi Crater, home to some of the lesser-known flowers on Kilimanjaro, and a place that offers stunning views east towards Mombasa and the Indian Ocean. Or, alternatively, you can simply sit, relax and reflect on the first day while your crew, as they will on every day of the trek, cook your evening meal.

Day 2: Mandara Huts to Horombo Huts

Today is an important one in your Kilimanjaro trek: a day when you not only climb above the treeline and leave the forest behind, but also catch your first sight of both the Mawenzi summit, Kilimanjaro’s second summit, but also its snow-covered bigger brother, Kibo – your ultimate destination!

Today is also the day that we start to really pace ourselves, taking each step slowly, to help us acclimatize to the increasingly rarified air. We are now in the heath and moorland zone, Kilimanjaro’s second vegetation zone, with such unusual plants as the giant groundsel and Lobelia deckeniidecorating the path.

Our destination on this second day is theHorombo Huts (3719m), a chilly but welcoming set of A-Frame huts offering glimpses of Kibo to the west. Popcorn and a hot drink will be served to you upon arrival, followed by dinner in the evening.

Day 3: Horombo Huts to Mawenzi Huts and return to Horombo Huts

We might call it a rest day, but that doesn’t mean we actually rest! Instead, today’s walk takes us up the southern slopes of Mawenzi, to get some of the best views of Kibo to be had anywhere, as well as a gorgeous panorama overlooking the wild and inhospitable desert of the Saddle. We also visit places such as the strange Zebra Rocks – rocks streaked over the centuries by water until they resemble the flanks of a zebra.

This day is not just about sightseeing, however, for the rest day serves a more important purpose than that: helping your body to acclimatize fully, to make the rest of the trek easier – and hopefully help you to reach the summit too!

Day 4: Horombo Huts to Kibo Huts

The scenery once again changes to day as we leave just about all vegetation behind to enter the windswept wilderness of the Saddle, the high-altitude desert separating Kilimanjaro’s twin peaks of Kibo and Mawenzi. That doesn’t mean that the day is not without interest, however, for the beauty of the desert is undeniable, the light is usually wonderfully clear, meaning that you’ll be wanting to get out your camera every few seconds to photograph Kibo; and there are enough features on the way, including some weird and wonderful parasitic craters, to take your mind off the exhaustion you may now be feeling.

Our goal on this fourth day are the Kibo Huts (4750m), set at the foot of the summit of the same name. Attractively built in stone, and with the occasional mountain buzzard soaring overhead for company, you’ll spend the rest of the day sleeping and eating in preparation for the night ahead…

Night 4/Day 5: Kibo Huts to summit and descend to Horombo Huts

Arising at around midnight, we begin our slow march up to Gilman’s Point (5681m) on the edge of the Kibo crater, past such features as Hans Meyer Cave (5151m). It’s a steep, slow, cold march and a test of your endurance – this is where you’ll earn your Kilimanjaro certificate. Nevertheless, providing you have avoided altitude sickness and have acclimatized well, there is no reason why you shouldn’t make it up to Gillman’s. This we reach, all being well, at around 5am, though it can be much later depending on your condition.

Our work is not yet over, however, for it’s around another hour and a half to Uhuru Peak. The gradient on this last section, especially by the standards of this night,  is relatively flat – but at this altitude, every step can be exhausting. It is also a glorious walk, however, with glaciers and snowfields on one side and with views over the Kibo Crater on the other. At the end of the trail lies our ultimate destination, Uhuru Peak – at 5895m the highest point in Africa! Here, if we’re on time, we can watch the sun rise over the African continent, take photos – and take a breather too!

After a rest at the top, we continue back down to Kibo Camp – a walk that is considerably quicker than it was on the way up! At Kibo we take breakfast and relax for an hour or so, before continuing our march down the mountain, through the Saddle, heath and moorland zones before stopping, finally, at the Horombo Huts once more. We should arrive there at about 4pm – and you have been walking for around 16 hours, less breaks! Exhausting but, if you made it to the top, you’ll think it was worth it!

Day 6: Horombo Huts to Marangu Gate and return to hotel

And so we come to the last day of our trek, as we march back through the forest to Marangu Gate, smiling smugly at all those coming up the slope the other way. Stopping at the Mandara Huts for lunch, we continue heading down until we once more reach Marangu Gate, where those who conquered the mountain – or at least made it to Gillman’s Point – collect their certificates. A jeep will be waiting to take everyone back to their hotel – and the land of cold beers and warm showers. Your adventure of a lifetime is at an end – and civilization will rarely have felt so good!

Now vying with the Marangu Trail as the busiest trail on the mountain, the Machame Trail’s popularity is justly deserved, with many porters and guides also naming it as their favourite. Also known as the Whiskey Route to distinguish it from the Marangu path (which is known as the Coca Cola Trail), the Machame Route takes in some of the finest parts of the mountain, including the atmospheric Shira Plateau and the lunar landscape near Barafu Campsite. And compared to the Marangu Trail, statistics show that the Machame Route offers a higher chance of reaching the summit too!

Itinerary for the Machame Route

Day 1: Machame Gate to Machame Camp

Your adventure begins after breakfast at around 8am when our car arrives to pick you up from your hotel and take you to Machame Gate (1828m), where you must register.

The first day of the trek takes you into the forest bearding Kilimanjaro’s lower slopes. It’s quite a sweaty uphill walk of 10.5km or so, though there is plenty to distract you as we look out for some of Kilimanjaro’s unique, endemic flora, as well as colobus and blue monkey and other creatures of the forest. We will also break for lunch while in the forest. At the day’s end we reach the upper limit of the forest and the Machame Camp (3032m), with views over the treetops to the plains below. Your porters will already have your tents erected and will be busy preparing dinner.

Day 2: Machame Camp to Shira Cave

Once again the second day involves a steepish trek as we leave the forest behind and plough through the heath and moorland – Kilimanjaro’s second vegetation zone. (There are four or so vegetation zones on the mountain, which is why some people say that the climb is going through four seasons in four days.) During today, and fairly early on, we will also catch our first glimpse of Kibo, Kilimanjaro’s famed, snowy summit – and our ultimate destination. Mount Meru, Kilimanjaro’s nearest neighbour, is also visible during today’s trek. You will notice, too, that we will be setting a deliberately slow pace from today onwards, to help everyone acclimatize to the thinning air.

About an hour after lunch, the gradient levels out slightly as we approach the Shira Plateau, with more celebrated Kilimanjaro flora such as groundsels and weird lobelias decorating the path.

Our final destination on this second day is the Shira Cave Campsite (aka New Shira Campsite; 3847m), with views up the plateau towards Kibo as well as westwards towards Kili’s little-known third summit, Johnsell Point. As with every campsite on the route, your tent will be erected and snacks will be served upon arrival, followed by a main meal later in the evening.

Day 3: Shira Cave to Barranco Camp

The morning begins with a lengthy crossing of the plateau as we head due east toward Kibo. It’s a long walk but a very photogenic one with the snowy summit of Kilimanjaro a constant looming presence ahead; most people, I find, say that this is their favourite part of the walk.

Lunch this time is taken near the Lava Tower, at the foot of Kibo. We are now heading into some serious altitude, with Lava Tower standing at 4530m above sea level. For this reason, it is normal for people to have a slight headache when they finally reach our campsite for the evening,Barranco Camp, following a steep descent to 3985m. This is entirely normal, and only worrying if the symptoms persist. By way of compensation, Barranco is the prettiest campsite on the route, set amongst a grove of senecio hard against the south face of Kibo. Snacks and then dinner is served in the evening.

Day 4: Barranco Camp to Karanga Valley

Today is a short day of only three hours or so, built in to make sure you are fully rested and relaxed in order to prepare you for the extra long day tomorrow. Nevertheless, the start of today is a bit of a shock as you are immediately confronted by the Barranco Wall. Taking over an hour to climb, you may need to use your hands on occasions to haul yourself up the rocks but please don’t be over-concerned – this is not mountaineering, the wall is not dangerous (I’ve never heard of anyone falling off it), and nor have I ever heard of anyone failing to complete it.

At the summit of the wall the path drifts and meanders gently to theKaranga Valley (3950m), a gorgeous little place where malachite sunbirds flit from flower to flower. Our campsite lies at the top of the other side of the valley, a stiff but short climb up from the Karanga stream. Both lunch and dinner will be served at the campsite.

Day 5: Karanga Valley to Barafu Camp

Another short trek of three hours or so as we traverse the southern side of Kibo, walking through a spectacular lunar landscape bereft of life on our way to Barafu Camp (4681m), on the south-eastern shoulder of Kibo. Here we will rest, take lunch and dinner, and try to get some sleep before the rigours of the night ahead….

Night 5/Day 6: Barafu Camp to summit and descent to Mweka Camp

Arising at around midnight, we begin our slow march up to Stella Point (5752m) on the edge of the Kibo crater. It’s a steep, slow, cold march and a test of your endurance – this is where you’ll earn your Kilimanjaro certificate. Nevertheless, providing you have avoided altitude sickness and have acclimatized well, there is no reason why you shouldn’t make it up to Stella Point. This we reach, all being well, at around 5am, though it can be much later depending on your condition.

From Stella Point it is a mere 45 minutes further on, past glaciers and snowfields and with views over the Kibo Crater, to Uhuru Peak – at 5895m the highest point in Africa! Here, if we’re on time, we can watch the sun rise over the African continent, take photos – and take a breather too!

After a rest at the top, we continue back down to Barafu Camp – a walk that is considerably quicker than it was on the way up! At Barafu we take breakfast and relax for an hour, before continuing our march down the mountain, this time on the Mweka Trail. Today’s walk takes us back down through the alpine desert, heath and moorland zones until we once more enter the forest zone. There, amongst the trees, we find the Mweka campsite (c3100m), our final stop on the trek. We should arrive there at about 4pm – and you have been walking for around 16 hours, less breaks! Exhausting but, if you made it to the top, you’ll think it was worth it!

Day 7: Mweka Camp to Mweka Gate

It’s just a couple of hours further now from the campsite to Mweka Gate (c1980m), where those who made it to the summit or Stella Point will collect their certificates. A car will be waiting to take you back to your hotel, and a land of warm showers and cold beers. Your trek is at an end.

The guides and porters are the masters of the mountain

Once on the Mountain, your well equipped guides and porters, will rank second, only to your mental determination, in terms of important factors contributing to a successful summit attempt.

For the duration of your Kilimanjaro trek, your guide will be your advisor, he will lead you to the summit, and he will bring down safely again. It will be important that you work closely with him and take note of his advice.

The guide recruits the porters and trains up a team which he himself will lead. Just before moving off, he spreads the loads between them not more than 15kgs. for each porter. He accompanies the climbers during the entire trek and can generally answer any questions about plans and wildlife. On the camp group, guide and porters make the camping arrangements and prepare meals. Their day’s work begins before the climbers wake up and ends late with lengthy conversations and card games long into the night.

not to bring.

Good equipment is vital to a safe and enjoyable climb. Sure, in superb weather conditions you could climb the mountain in a pair of old trainers, your oldest pair of long trousers and with a couple of sweaters thrown in you will only suffer badly during the last night of the ascent. However, let the weather change for the worse, a couple of hours driving rain soon after setting off from the Horombo area, and you could be dead from hypothermia very rapidly.

Qualified and experienced guides

All Bobby treks up the mountain are lead by highly trained and qualified guides, registered with the Kilimanjaro National Parks Board. Each of our guides have been selected over years, based on experience, safety record and through feedback from previous clients.

Support staff ratios

The average ratio of our support staff to climbers is 2 porters per climber, a cook and one guide for a maximum of 4 climbers. This excellent staff to clients ratio, bolstered by our superior support equipment, will ensure your safety and enjoyment on the mountain.

Porters and cook

The porters do not only transport your gear and the supplies up and down the mountain. Arriving at every mountain hut or camp site long before you, they will have already erected your tent on your arrival. In the evening they will also boil drinking and washing water and the cook will prepare dinner of a quality that has surprised many previous clients.

Weight limits for porters

Remember that there is a weight limit of 15 kg (30 lbs) per climber, on the gear of each climber to be portaged. A soft duffel bag (barrel type) is preferred – a rucksack is not necessary as they prefer to porter the loads balanced on their heads and shoulders.

All climbs include a team of mountain guides, cooks and porters, typically …

2 climbers : 1 guide, 1 assistant guide, 2 porters and 1 cook

3 climbers : 1 guide, 1 assistant guide, 4 porters and 1 cook

5 climbers : 1 guide, 2 assistant guide, 6 porters and 1 cook

The higher the specification, the greater the staff to climber ratio.

Even with porters, it is recommended that each member of the party carry a light weight day pack containing at the very least a waterproof jacket, nibbles to eat on the walk, a 1 liter bottle of water and a warm pullover to put on at rest stops. Plus of course camera and valuables.

Tipping

Rate of pay varies with the route you take to go up the mountain, we would suggest that you evaluate the tipping not only by how efficiently the porters carry your own equipment but also for services rendered, such as getting you a better place in the huts and how good the food was etc plus of course whether or not your guide has been / is generally informative about the mountain in all its aspects. For those climbers on the non tourist routes, the tip is also assessed on how much they assisted in the collection of firewood and water, clearing up the campsites or huts etc.

The tip amounts indicated below are given purely as a guideline, and it may be paid as in a group :

Marangu Route :

Guide US$ 50

Assistant Guide US$ 30

Cook US$ 20

Porters US$ 15 – 20

Machame Route and others :

Guide US$ 60 – 70

Assistant Guide US$ 40

Cook US$ 30

Porters US$ 20 – 25

Ensure that you are well equipped – read and print our Suggested Checklist below and mark it off, it will be an essential part of your preparation for the climb.

Altitudes are generally defined as …

High altitude 2,400m – 4,200m

Very high altitude 4,200m – 5,400m

Extreme altitude above 5,400m (Uhuru Peak is 5895m)

During the trek it is likely that all climbers will experience at least some form of mild altitude sickness. It is caused by the failure of the body to adapt quickly enough to the reduced level of oxygen in the air at an increased altitude.

There are many different symptoms but the most common are headaches, light headedness, nausea, loss of appetite, tingling in the extremities (toes, fingers) and a mild swelling of the face, ankles and fingers. These symptoms in a mild form are not serious and will normally disappear within 48 hours, the result of poor circulation or a small leakage of fluid within the body. In serious cases, the leakage can become large and start to fill up the brain cavity (Cerebral Oedema) or the lung cavity (Pulmonary Oedema). Cerebral Oedema is recognised by severe headaches, loss of balance and dizziness leading to coma. Pulmonary Oedema results in the coughing up of pink sputum. Both conditions, if left unchecked, will lead to coma and death unless a rapid descent is made.

Six factors that affect the incidence and severity of altitude illness :

1. Rate of ascent.

2. Altitude attained.

3. Length of exposure.

4. Level of exertion.

5. Hydration and diet.

6. Inherent physiological susceptibility.

Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS) :

The illnesses is commonly encountered at exceptional high altitudes, such as the summit area of Mount Kilimanjaro. Once apparent, can be most effectively treated by immediately taking the affected person to a lower altitude.

The symptoms of AMS include in the order normally experienced; headaches, nausea, anorexia, exhaustion, lassitude, rapid pulse, insomnia, swelling of the hands and feet and reduced urine output. Climbers can take precautions to at least minimize the severity of the illness, by maintaining a slow steady pace from day one, include an extra day of acclimatisation at a high altitude and by drinking at least 3-4 liters of water every day.

Preventative medicine is also available and you should consult your physician for specialist advice.

Fluid build-up may cause a condition known as edema, which can affect the lungs (pulmonary), preventing effective oxygen exchange, or effect the brain (cerebral) which will result in the swelling of the brain tissue. The latter can be lethal if not treated immediately or if symptoms are ignored.

Probably 70% of all people climbing Kilimanjaro will suffer to some extent from AMS. You should familiarise yourself with this condition and take preventative care.

Hypothermia:

Hypothermia or exposure is the lowering of the body’s core temperature. Once again prevention is the best cause of action. The correct equipment and clothing is critical in the prevention of Hypothermia. Do not allow your clothing to get wet from either rain or perspiration.

Please visit our Suggested Clothing Sections, for more information on the proper layering of clothing to prevent hypothermia.

Sun related injuries:

About 55% of the earths protective atmosphere is below an altitude of 5000m. Far less ultraviolet light is being filtered out, making the sun’s rays much more powerful, which could result in severe sun burning of the skin. It is strongly recommended to use a 20+ sun protection cream at lower altitudes, and a total block cream above an altitude of 3000m. It is also important to wear dark sun glasses preferably with side panels above 4000m in daytime and essential when walking through snow or ice.

The hardest part in planning a trip to a location that you know nothing about is deciding what equipment to bring, and also what not to bring.

Good equipment is vital to a safe and enjoyable climb. Sure, in superb weather conditions you could climb the mountain in a pair of old trainers, your oldest pair of long trousers and with a couple of sweaters thrown in you will only suffer badly during the last night of the ascent. However, let the weather change for the worse, a couple of hours driving rain soon after setting off from the Horombo area, and you could be dead from hypothermia very rapidly.

SUGGESTED LOWER MONTANE FOREST CLOTHING:

Suggested Equipment lower montane kilimanjaro

Starting out, you will be in synthetic or fleece shorts, a polyester T-Shirt, sock liners with synthetic would hiking / trekking socks, and heavy-duty hiking boots.

SUGGESTED UPPER MONTANE FOREST CLOTHING:

Suggested Upper Montane Wear Mount Kilimanjaro

Rain is common, so Gore-Tex jacket and pants are required. A cape is needed to protect the head from the sun. Sun block and lip balm are musts - as are bug repellent, water bottles and a water purifier.

SUGGESTED HEATH AND MOORLAND CLOTHING:

Suggested Heath and Moorland Wear Mount Kilimanjaro

A polypro long underwear top and bottom beneath shorts and a T-Shirt is recommended.

As a suggestion during the trek, a fleece vest or jacket must be kept at ready pauses during the climb. Gaiters are essential through the wet, knee-high grasses at this elevation.

SUGGESTED ALPINE DESERT CLOTHING:

Suggested Alpine Desert Wear Mount Kilimanjaro

Fleece pants will warm you during the windy nights, which follow the summer-ice days at this zone. A warm sleeping bag will keep you warm for those few hours you get to sleep before making an attempt at the top.

SUGGESTED SUMMIT CLOTHING:

Suggested Summit Wear Mount Kilimanjaro

Polypro long, a fleece middle, and Gore-Tez outer.

A balaclava and warm hat will protect the head and line gloves, wind stopper gloves and over mitts protect your hands.

Because the summit attempt day begins at around midnight or 1:0 a.m., you will need a headlamp.

Glacier glasses will keep you from snow blindness when you reach those snows of Mount Kilimanjaro.

As you can see above, because you move from the Africa jungle to arctic tundra in a matter of days, you need many different types of clothing.

You go from dressing in shorts and T-Shirts that are wringing wet with sweat to a layering system topped off by Gore-Tex to endure winds that push the chilly air well below zero degrees.

You will require the correct underwear, thermal hiking socks, gloves (preferably mittens), warm head protection, rain coat, sunglasses and sun protection cream. Also remember your hiking boots, hiking/running shoes (it is not necessary to walk with boots or climbers shoes until the last sections where scree and rocks are encountered), and very importantly, a walking stick / ski-pole. One of the most critical items of clothing is a an outer jacket. You want it to perform the functions of keeping you warm, protect you at temperatures of as low as minus 25 degrees Celsius, keep the wind out and yet still “breath”. Try to avoid tight fitting clothing or underwear. This will hamper circulation, causing either cold or discomfort on the mountain. A balaclava will protect your face against cold, wind, sun and snow. Other clothing like shorts, sweaters and T-shirts are strongly recommended, especially during hiking on the lower slopes, when the day temperatures are still high.

The only way to ensure that you are dressed warmly is to follow the principal of wearing the correct clothing layers, starting from against the body. A common mistake made by climbers is to wear almost everything they have and to start off with cotton against the skin. Cotton absorbs moisture perfectly, and moisture trapped against the skin will result in a definite lowering of the body temperature, which could even lead to hypothermia. It is therefore very important to use proper thermal underwear with “wicking” properties (a fabric which has the ability to draw moisture away from the body) and thus enabling it to evaporate to the outside. The middle layer should provide the insulation and a product like polar fleece will be adequate in this regard. The outer layer should be windproof, waterproof and breathable. Products like Ventex, Gore-Tex or Jeantex offer these properties. Short of altitude and physical exertion, cold is one of the most serious obstacles when attempting to summit  Kilimanjaro</strong>.

FOR THE HEAD :

Hat

The higher you ascend the more the suns rays burn. Something that shades your eyes is best.

Balaclava

…or ski mask made from some type of insulated material with just an opening for your eyes and nose. You will need it for the final ascent.

Sunglasses

A good pair, necessary for both the desert area and for snow blindness at the summit.

FOR THE UPPER BODY :

T-Shirts

Take one for every day you intend to be on the mountain, and one more, just in case.

Upper Clothing

Polo neck long sleeves loose are best, as the thin layers trap air which insulates you. Also bring at least one woolen or fleece jumper.

Jacket

As good as you can afford. There are many insulated materials that are good, Polertex, Gortex/Ventex. Get one that can pack easily with big pockets and a covered zip area. Waterproof is good but not essential. All these features will be appreciated at 4am when you are climbing to the summit :-)

Rain Gear

Simple lightweight rain suit for the rain forest and in case it snows later on. The waterproof leggings will also shield your legs from the wind at the summit.

Gloves

As waterproof and as windproof as possible. Ski gloves are good.

FOR THE LOWER BODY :

Underwear

A change for every day. Even though it’s cold you’ll still sweat which makes climbing uncomfortable.

Thermal Underwear

A pair of long-johns. If you can’t find any, a pair of elastic leggings does the same thing - nobody’s going to see them :-)

Shorts

Light jogging shorts are necessary for the first days.

Pants

Trousers or track-suit pants - anything except jeans. Jeans hold the cold close to your body and give off heat very quickly. Also, if they get wet, they are very slow to dry.

Rain Pants

Bring a good pair of rain pants of Gore-Tex or other waterproof material. Try to get a pair that are wind-proof too.

FOR THE FEET :

Socks

Two pairs of light socks for each day you intend to climb. Also bring a couple of pairs of woolen socks for climbing the final stage.

Boots

Probably one of the most important piece of equipment you could bring. The boots you wear shouldn’t be underestimated - a radio operator on a non-technical climb with us was killed in a fall, partly due to the fact that he wasn’t wearing suitable clothing and boots. The boots should be leather, insulated, and of good quality. Anything other than leather and your feet will freeze. Choose a good brand, and make sure they are well broken in before the climb.

Runners / Trainers

Optional. These are to wear in camp after a day of hiking.

Feet problems:

Poor fitting, new or little used boots will result in blistering feet. Even if boots are only slightly to small, your toes will get bruised , particularly on your descend. It is it therefore also important to keep your toe nails short for the climb. Developing blister should be treated immediately as soon as the “hot spot” is felt. Remove the boot and cover the area with a zinc oxide tape or something similar

:

Rucksack

About 40 - 60 liter capacity. Get a rucksack with lots of side pockets for storing raingear, torch, water, camera etc. The rucksack should be frameless, with strong, comfortable padded straps, both at the shoulders and at the waist. Otherwise the rucksack will literally cut two grooves in your shoulders.

Sleeping Bag

Again, get as good a sleeping bag as you can afford - it gets extremely cold on the mountain at night. Try to get a three/four season bag, preferably light and compact.

Camping Gas and Cooking Equipment

A small lightweight gas stove and one or two camping saucepans should be enough for the climb.

Important - You aren’t allowed to bring compressed gas on the aero plane, and the only camping gas available in Tanzania and Kenya is the small “bluegaz” cylinders which the stove pierces - not the screw-on type. I didn’t know this and had to buy a new stove when I got there.

Torch

A head torch is vital as you will need both hands to climb with for the final 1000 meters. Bring a couple of sets of batteries forfinal ascent. Keep the batteries warm, the cold will kill them.

Walking Stick

Definitely necessary. Get a telescopic aluminum one or even two. It helps a lot to use your arms as well as your legs. They can be rented for about $12 at the base of the mountain.

Sunscreen

High factor essential. Don’t forget it start putting it on from the start and don’t stop.

Water Bottles

Get insulated bottles as the water freezes at higher altitude. Drink at least 4 liters of water per day to prevent dehydration.

Swiss Army Knife

Every mountaineer should have one. Get a knife with a few good features, i.e. tin opener, bottle opener, sharp blade, scissors, etc. It saves on packing individual items.

Money

You can use US dollars pretty much everywhere, but exchange about $30 into Tanzanian shillings for small items such as soft drinks etc. Take small notes, lots of $1 bills are useful.

Money belt

Take a waist belt, the small flat type that can fit inconspicuously under your clothes. Put your money and passport in it and keep it on all the time. Things have been known to go missing at the camps.

Ziploc Bags

These bags are very useful for holding loose items.

Matches and Lighter

You’ll need these to light your gas stove….

Camera

Bring a good, light camera. People will tell you that the shutters freeze on good cameras at the top. They are wrong - it’s the batteries that freeze. Buy Lithium, not Alkaline batteries and you should be ok. Bring a couple of spare sets and store them in your clothes close to your body so that your body heat will keep them warm. Bring a camera that’s easy to use so that someone else can take your picture at the top without messing it up. It ‘s an important photo and you can’t expect someone else to focus it at 5895 meters and get it right. Because of the high altitude bring a polarizing filter and a UV filter. Take plenty of film - ASA 200 film is good for taking shots with relatively little light.

A first aid kit should be brought on any climb. Specialized compact kits are available, but if you don’t have one, the following medical items should be brought.

Bandages of all shapes and sizes

Scissors - always handy for cutting bandages, gauze, etc.

Antiseptic Cream - for cuts and grazes.

Headache Tablets - lots of them :-) Be careful that they don’t have any nasty side effects though, dizzy spells at the edge of a 100m drop are generally not good.

Altitude Sickness Tablets - Diamox tablets to be taken twice a day from 13,000 feet to the top. This drug is widely used in high altitude mountaineering. I couldn’t get any and I suffered because of it. Thanks to the group of Swedish climbers who gave us some of theirs.

Please note that this is a basic first aid kit. I’m not trying to say that these are the only items you should bring, but they are a basis to which you can add more items as you see fit.

Toilet Paper

For when nature calls…Be warned - toilets usually consist of a tank buried in the ground.

Garbage Bags

Don’t leave rubbish on the mountain. Pack it up and take it down with you. Also good for separating wet and dry clothing.

Pen and Notepad

Useful for taking notes on the climb. Take a felt tip pen so the ink won’t freeze.

Travel Insurance

The medical facilities are not too good in Tanzania. Take out a fly out insurance in case of an accident.

Pack Sensibly

Every day you will need to change. try to pack in a way that you can get to the next days kit easily.

Mountain Water

The stream water high on the mountain has been tested and has been found to be fit for drinking. However, if you would like to be on the safe-side, use water purification tablets or boil drinking water in the evenings.

Eating Tips

Eat as much as you can as you lose your appetite as you ascend. Drink lots of water, 4 liters a day - do not dehydrate.

Batteries

Keep all spare batteries close to your body so they don’t freeze.

One of the important prerequisites of a successful summit attempt is being properly equipped.

Ensure that you are well equipped – read and print our Suggested Checklist below and mark it off, it will be an essential part of your preparation for the climb.

Travel Documents:

• Valid passport and visa.
• Airline ticket.
• International health card with immunizations (Yellow fever).
• Travel insurance.
• Medical insurance.
• US$ cash / Travelers Checks / Credit Card.

Essential Items:

• Duffel bag – large enough for all climbing gear and clothing. To be carried by the porters. An extra bag to be left at the hotel with extra gear.
• Small luggage lock – to lock zippers.
• Day backpack – between 20 – 35 liters.  Large enough to carry your water, camera, raincoat, lunch pack, snacks & warm clothing.
• Sleeping bag.
• Ski-pole / walking stick.
• Water bottle / containers.

High Altitude Gear:

• Waterproof, breathable & windproof jacket (outer wear),  (like Ventex, Gore-Tex or Jeantex).
• Waterproof, breathable & windproof pants (outer wear).
• Polar fleece (middle layer).
• Thermal underwear (under layers).
• Mittens or warm gloves.
• Glove liners (if necessary).
• One pair thermal (polertex) socks.
• Balaclava.
• Gaiters.
• Thermal water flask.

Hiking Gear:

• Shorts.
• Hiking pants.
• Regular underwear.
• T-shirts.
• Raincoat.

Footwear:

• Water resistant semi-stiff hiking boots – mid weight boots work great.
• Shoes for overnight camps – i.e. sneakers, running shoes, etc.
• Socks – several pairs for the climb.
• Liner socks – to keep your feet dry and limit the risk of blisters.

Equipment:

• Sun hat or similar (with a brim).
• Collapsible ski stick (optional but highly recommended).
• Water bottles – two or three (total capacity at least 6 liters).
• Head lamp, good strong one with spare batteries and an extra light bulb.
• Water purification tablets.
• Sunglasses, good quality dark lenses for the climb, with a securing strap.
• Flashlight (torch) with spare batteries.

Personal Items:

• Toilet kit (soap, tooth brush, toilet articles, wet wipes, etc.).
• Towel.
• Sun screen and lip protection, SPF 30+
• Ziploc bags, to protect camera, binoculars, etc. from dust.
• Toilet paper.
• Money belt for passport and valuables.

Medical and First Aid Supplies:

• Headaches–Syndols.
• Altitude sickness-Diamox.
• Diarrhoea – Imodium.
• Nausea – Valiod.
• Malaria – Prophylaxis.
• Water purification tablets.
• Painkillers.
• Muscular sprains.
• Abrasions blisters and cuts – Plaster, bandages.
• Antiseptic cream – Betadine.
• Flu and colds.
• Eyes – drops.
• Insect repellent.

Optional  Items:

• Camera, extra lenses and film.
• Binoculars.
• Pocket knife.
• Notebook & pencil.
• Energy snacks and sweets
• Video camera, tapes, battery packs.

Please remember to limit the weight of your duffel bag and its content, to be carried by the porters on the climb, to 15 kg (30 lbs.) or less.

Extra luggage, including clean clothes to wear after your climb, can be left at our storage locker at no extra costs.

Pleasefeel free to contact us should you have any further questions regarding the list.

Suggested Climb Preparation for Climbing Mount Kilimanjaro.

Climbing Kilimanjaro is usually a “once in a lifetime” experience for most people, so is vital that proper preparations are made beforehand. With superior information and sufficient time to prepare, you stand an extremely good chance of reaching the summit.

Mount Kilimanjaro can be climbed at any time of year but seasonal variations in climate and traffic need to be considered :

January, February and March have the best weather, being warm and almost devoid of cloud.

April through to mid June is still warm but there may be some rainfall on the lower slopes and bands of cloud may reduce visibility around the forest area.

Late June, July and August can become very cold at night but in return, the sky is usually completely clear above 3,000m.

September to October are perhaps the best months to plan a climb for this next year with steadily increasing temperatures with  low rainfall.

November and December are for the more adventurous climbers. Thunderstorms are possible in the afternoon and there can be heavy snow showers towards the summit but night and early morning bring excellent visibility.

Although the majority of routes leading to the summit of Kilimanjaro require no technical climbing skills, some kind of training beforehand is important. It is important to remember that you will be hiking on surfaces with varying angles which may put lots of stress on your ankles and knees. It is also worth remembering that most of the injuries which occur on Kilimanjaro happen on the way down. When climbing Kilimanjaro, take a slow pace to allow your body to acclimatize to the altitude, as at 4000 meters, you only have 60% of the oxygen you would normally have at sea-level.

To climb Kilimanjaro:

- You need to be in decent physical condition.
- You must not have heart or lung problems.
- You need healthy knees and ankles.
- Take your time and know your physical limitations.

Consult your personal physician if:

- You are taking any kind of medication.
- You have any other health problems.

If you plan to take any medication during your climb, you must consult your doctor prior to departure. The effects of medications may vary with altitude and stress.

All climbers should consult their doctor or a specialized travel clinic well in advance of their trip.

Physical fitness:

Although Kilimanjaro is not a technical mountain climb, it is a major challenge and the rigors of altitude should not be underestimated. Remember that Uhuru Peak is 500m higher than Everest Base Camp! The pace of your ascent coupled with good acclimatization will help you on the climb but it is essential to be mentally and physically prepared before you start. Regular hikes are one of the best ways to prepare, increasing frequency and length as you get closer to the trek. All aerobic exercises such as; cycling, running, swimming and funnily enough aerobics are good for strengthening the cardiovascular system. Generally, any exercise that increases the heart rate for 20 minutes is helpful but don’t over do it just before the climb.

Any climber who suffers from any cardiac or pulmonary problems should be cautious and should not attempt to climb the mountain unless they have consulted their physician. It is strongly recommended that a physical fitness program is followed to prepare your self physically for the mountain.

The following three steps are a guide to achieving acclimatization:

Water : A fluid intake of 4 – 5 liters per day is recommended. Fluid intake improves circulation and most other bodily functions, but does not increase fluid leakage from the body. Thirst should not be an indicator of proper fluid intake, if your urine is clear then you are drinking enough. On the lower slopes, bottled mineral water will be provided but on the higher slopes drinking water is taken from mountain streams. The water is double-pumped and iodine is added for purification (Good enough to drink but you may wish to add extra purification tablets).

Slow Walk : Pace is a critical factor on all routes. Unless there is a very steep uphill section your breathing rate should be the same as if you were walking down the street. If you cannot hold a conversation you are walking too fast. Breathing through the nose for the first 2 days of theclimb will limit the pace. Walk “softly” allowing your knees to gently cushion each pace. “Pole pole” (go slowly) is the phrase of the day.

Walk high sleep low : If you have enough energy, take an afternoon stroll further up the mountain before descending to sleep (not if you have any symptoms of altitude sickness!)

Almost all routes offer an extra day for acclimatization. Taking this day increases your chances of getting to the top by 30% and increases you chances of actually getting some enjoyment out of the experience by much more than that. An extra day is a considerable expense, but Bobby Tours’ recommends that all climbers take this option.

Some climbers take Diamox, which is widely used to combat the effects of mild altitude sickness by causing the body to breath more deeply during sleep. This is of course a personal preference.

On the climb, guides carry all basic medications but it is recommend that all climbers should take a small, personal first aid kit.

Personal First Aid Kit:

- Painkillers (aspirin/paracetamol – aspirin is recommended as it thins the blood helping prevent blood clots – strong painkillers should not be taken as they may mask the symptoms of altitude sickness)
- Blister treatment
- Antihistamines
- Imodium or other anti-Diarrhoea tablets
- Plasters/Band Aids
- Antiseptic wipes
- Dressings, especially pressure relief for blisters
- Talcum Powder
- Malaria tablets
- Sun block for skin & lips (Factor 15+)
- Antacids
- Knee supports etc.
- Lemsip or other cold cure sachets
- Oral rehydration salts/sachets
- Insect repellent containing DEET

- Sanitary Towels or similar

Other health tips:

Ladies please note that altitude may affect the menstrual cycle.

All contact lens wearers should take care to remove the lenses at night as the eye needs to absorb oxygen from the atmosphere. The rarefied conditions of altitude reduce oxygen levels and in extreme cases a Corneal Oedema can develop.

Emergency evacuation:

In the event of an emergency on the mountain the rescue team plus one of the assistant guides will descend with the casualty to the park gate. At the gate, Bobby Tours And Safaris will take over and make the necessary arrangements.

Views of Kenya and the Masaai Steppe, the Crater Highlands, and the Eastern Arc Mountain Range expand from the summit, and unlike other comparable peaks, you don’t need ropes or climbing equipment to make it to the top. As long as you pace yourself and take it easy at high altitudes, you have every reason to think you can reach the summit.

General Information for Climbing Mount Kilimanjaro.

This section introduces you to Kilimanjaro‘s fascinating natural history and special points of interest. It offers information on all the major, and some minor routes, guidelines for successful exploration of the mountain, as well as information on services.
The highest mountain in Africa (5,895 meters) and the tallest free-standing mountain in the world, Kilimanjaro has tantalized and intrigued since the first organized ascent by Hans Meyer in 1889. It took Meyer six weeks to reach the summit, these days it is usually done in six or seven days, five days if you’re pushing the pace.

And although people talk about having “climbed” Kilimanjaro, the vast majority of routes are hiking routes with no technical climbing involved at all.
Whether or not you have ever had the yen to climb big mountains, or even see any sense in it, climbing Mount Kilimanjaro is an absolute must for anyone who has the time, the money and the physical fitness.

Although climbing Mt. Kilimanjaro does not require any particular climbing skills, as it is basically a long, steep trek, this is not to say that considerable planning and forethought are not required. The ascent usually takes about five days and cannot be undertaken without hiring a guide. Porters should also be considered and hiring people as well as the necessary equipment and purchase of provisions can be arranged by Bobby Tours. Although an ascent can be made at any time of year, most people prefer to attempt it during the months of January, February, August and September when there is a greatest chance of cloudless mornings and evenings, and hence better views.

Kilimanjaro. The name itself is a mystery wreathed in clouds. It might mean Mountain of Light, Mountain of Greatness or Mountain of Caravans. Or it might not. The local people, the Wachagga, don’t even have a name for the whole massif, only Kipoo (now known as Kibo) for the familiar snowy peak that stands imperious, overseer of the continent, the summit of Africa.

Kilimanjaro, by any name, is a metaphor for the compelling beauty of East Africa. When you see it, you understand why. Not only is this the highest peak on the African continent; it is also the tallest free-standing mountain in the world, rising in breathtaking isolation from the surrounding coastal scrubland – elevation around 900 metres – to an imperious 5,895 metres (19,336 feet).

Kilimanjaro is one of the world’s most accessible high summits, a beacon for visitors from around the world. Most climbers reach the crater rim with little more than a walking stick, proper clothing and determination. And those who reach Uhuru Point, the actual summit, or Gillman’s Point on the lip of the crater, will have earned their climbing certificates.

But there is so much more to Kili than her summit. The ascent of the slopes is a virtual climatic world tour, from the tropics to the Arctic.
Even before you cross the national park boundary (at the 2,700m contour), the cultivated footslopes give way to lush montane forest, inhabited by elusive elephant, leopard, buffalo, the endangered Abbot’s duiker, and other small antelope and primates. Higher still lies the moorland zone, where a cover of giant heather is studded with otherworldly giant lobelias.

Above 4,000m, a surreal alpine desert supports little life other than a few hardy mosses and lichen. Then, finally, the last vestigial vegetation gives way to a winter wonderland of ice and snow – and the magnificent beauty of the roof of the continent.
Cooking at Eland Camp

Who can climb ? Kilimanjaro can be climbed with a relative ease by any reasonable fit adult. This does not mean climbing it is a picnic; adequate preparations are necessary and there are serious health risks attached to being at such a high altitude.

But as the highest point in Africa, Kilimanjaro‘s peak offers an irresistible challenge to many people. Dozens of tourists, ranging from teenagers to people in their sixties, set off up its slopes every day. For those who reach it, being at the summit of the Kilimanjaro is often the highlight of the trip.
Climbers on the summit of Mount Kilimanjaro No technical expertise is required to climb Kilimanjaro on its easier routes; however, because the altitude is so high, climbers need to acclimate and be in good shape if they plan to ascend to the top of Kibo. Many tourists do not acclimate long enough and they become sick, (nausea, headaches etc).

It is recommended that the hiker takes at least 6 days, preferable 7 days, to reach the top. We do offer both 5 and 6 days climb, but its better to arrange an extra day (best spent at Horombo to acclimate). The extra day costs more but its worth to have a safer and more enjoyable climb.
In the forest

One of the main attractions of the ascent of Kilimanjaro is that it doesn’t require mountaineering experience, nor is any special climbing equipment needed for Kibo, if the normal route (Marangu) is followed, to make the ascent. Almost any time is suitable, except during the long rains in April and May. The best months are January, February and October, when there are very often cloudless days.

NOTE:
Climb slowly to increase your acclimatisation time and maximise your chances of reaching the summit.
To avoid altitude sickness, allow a minimum of five nights, preferably even more for the climb. Take your time and enjoy the beauty of themountain.

Bobby Tours Mountain climbing department has a vast experience in leading hikers and climbers to the summit of Kilimanjaro. Our experienced mountain guides have a proud summit success rate averaging between 96% – 98% and have safely guided over 1000 clients to the top of the mountain.

This section aims to provide the potential Mount Kilimanjaro climber with valuable and accurate information on climbing Kilimanjaro, which will hopefully contribute towards increasing your chances of a successful summit attempt.

Below, we have complied this information, after years of experience as well as from feedback from previous climbers.

Climb Preparation

The following pages gives you more information on factors such as WHEN TO GO, HEALTH REQUIREMENTS …. Read more

Be properly equipped

An essential part of your preparation will be to ensure that you are well equipped for your summit attempt. Print our suggested final checklist and mark it off, to ensure that you are. Please check our : Suggested Checklist page, for all the necessary equipment you might need.

Be physically prepared

It is important that your body is adequately prepared for the physical challenges of Mount Kilimanjaro.

Mental preparation

It is possible to summit Kilimanjaro successfully. Many before you have succeeded. This should be topmost in your mind when preparing forthe summit attempt. You should always remain in a positive state of mind, but not overly arrogant. Try to anticipate various different scenarios, which you may possibly encounter on the mountain and try to work out the most suitable course of action, mentally by yourself or even as a group. Your mental stamina will, with out a doubt, make the really difficult sections, like from Kibo to Uhuru or from Barafu to Uhuru, easier to complete. Remember if you are properly equipped, you have taken everything as indicated on the final checklist, you are physically prepared and  have all the knowledge gained from this section – you will be mentally confident for the physical part of Kilimanjaro..

Adequate travel insurance

Make sure that you have adequate travel and medical insurance, which will also provide you with cover for the climb up Kilimanjaro.

Drink enough water

Make sure that you drink at least 3 – 4 liters of liquid a day – preferably water. For both the Marangu and Machame routes, it is possible to buy mineral water at all the huts and camps. Although a little bit more expensive on the mountain, this is probably the most convenient option – we are however at this stage, not to sure how reliable the supply lines are. For your first day it is recommended that you take along fresh water which is purchased before your climb.

The stream water high on the mountain Kilimanjaro has been tested and has been found to be fit for drinking. However, if you would like to be on the safe-side, use water purification tablets or ask your guide to boil the water for you. This can be done in the evening. You can fill your flasks in the morning, ready for the next part of the climb.

If you are not used to fresh water in nature, prevent any inconvenience by using water purification tablets. REMEMBER! A functioning “body water balance” is one of the keys to a successful climb!

Walk high – sleep low

If possible and especially on your acclimatization day “walk high – sleep low” Try to do a short evening stroll to a higher altitude and then descend to sleep at the camp at a lower altitude. This is essential on your acclimatization day.

Climb light

Climb as lightly as possible, this becomes even more important on your summit night.

Packing

Remember that you will be on the mountain for at least 5 or 6 days. You need to take enough clothing, especially socks to last for this period. Due to frequent rainfall as well as numerous streams on the routes, it is advisable to  pack items individually in your bag. These individually packed items should be wrapped in plastic bags to prevent them from getting wet in case of rain or of being accidentally dropped in a stream.

Suggested Equipment

The hardest part in planning a trip to a location that you know nothing about is deciding what equipment to bring, and also what not to bring. The following pages will give you more information on factors such as CLOTHING, EQUIPMENT, FIRST AID, OTHER ITEMS, TIPS & TRICKS … Read more

Useful Information:

Go POLE POLE

Go slowly – “Pole Pole” as they say in Swahili! This is also very important during your first days of climbing. Even if you feel well, slow down and enjoy the scenery.

New batteries

Replace your head lamp and camera batteries with new ones on your summit night.

Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS)

AMS commonly affects people at high altitude, who are not accustomed to high altitude conditions. AMS can be lethal if not treated immediately or if its symptoms are ignored. Probably 70% of all people climbing Kilimanjaro will suffer to some extent from AMS. You should familiarize yourself with this condition and take preventative care. Click Altitude Sickness for more information on this medical condition.

Wet wipes

There is no washing water at Kibo and Arrow Glacier camps. Wet Wipes are very useful.

Snacks

Take enough snacks like energy bars etc.

Adequate sun protection

Wear a good quality pair of sunglasses (with UV protection) and use adequate sun protection cream with a protection factor of at least 20+

Thermal flask

Use a thermal flask for your water on the summit night, other water bottles might freeze solid.

Camera

Taking pictures with a fully automatic camera at the summit of Kilimanjaro is possible, and most people do this. The secret is to always have a new battery in your camera when going into cold areas at high altitude. A mechanical camera works just as well, provided you have the knowledge to operate it successfully. Cameras exposed to cold do not cease functioning, but remember, that if you keep your camera inside your jacket and the lens becomes warm, chances are that it will form condensation when suddenly exposed to extreme cold. This condensation will freeze under conditions at the summit. Therefore, keep your camera dry at all times. Moisture will freeze at the summit which WILL cause your camera to stop functioning.